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Monthly Archives: July 2020
Sample MCAT Questions
Two sample questions from the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) I’ve said many, many times that BIO 181 (General Biology for Majors at Arizona public colleges and universities) just scratches the surface of what we know. I also point out … Continue reading
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BIO 181 Lecture 4.7
Lecture 4.7: Photosynthesis Overview We saw earlier that cells only have no more than 20 of ATP reserve because it’s being oxidized at an enormous rate–100 million ATP per second. We also saw how cells regenerate that ATP using energy … Continue reading
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BIO 181 Lecture 4.5
Lecture 4.5: Krebs Cycle Overview Glycolysis occurs in all cells, and therefore can lay claim to being the heart of energy metabolism in all cells. However, it’s ability to transfer energy from organic compounds to ATP is very limited. Most … Continue reading
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BIO 181 Lecture 4.4
Lecture 4.4: Glycolysis Overview The average cell contains about 2 billion ATP molecules. At rest, it “burns” (oxidizes) about 100 million per second. That gives it a reserve of about 20 seconds before the ATP is used up completely. If … Continue reading
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BIO 181 Lecture 4.2
Lecture 4.2: Introduction to Metabolism Overview Human beings are walking, talking biochemical reactors. We are part of this universe. We cannot, therefore, violate the laws that govern this universe. Among these inviolable proscriptions are the laws of thermodynamics, which ban … Continue reading
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BIO 181 Lecture 4.1
Lecture 4.1: Membranes and Membrane Transport Overview An essential step in the evolution of life was the compartmentalization and confinement of biochemical reactants so that metabolic reaction sequences could occur efficiently. Membranes provide the solution to the problem. Very simple … Continue reading
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